Okay. So we continue with teaching about intercultural perspective. I mean, when you are looking into other cultures people actually got a different target. Some want to find out the weakness of other cultures, and some want to find out what we can learn from their cultures. For us, if you really want to do a good English presentation or speech, these are the biggest advice that I will give you. In Chinese, we'll say 求同存异. Well, we use that a lot in our diplomatic relations, that blew me. These two words are the actual two key words. I mean there's two key words at a very important concept in order to do successful intercultural communication. And I will say that in the beginning, this is what you need to do. You find out, what are the cultural differences. What we need to do first is to know there are differences, and what they look like, and then to appreciate and respect. Chinese often think that we should avoid those sensitive topics and cultural landmine. we translate "求同" into seeking for common ground. that is how to find out the common points when talking with others. a common ground we speak in order to communicate. Yes, we speak in order to communicate. And then, if you don't find the right wording. People may misunderstand you, okay? So we focus on effective communication. to pass on the information and I think this is very important to make a speech And there are many series, or studies about cross cultural management, cross cultural communication. I would like just to mention two of them. Hofstede from Netherland. Actually, his study was based on 110,000 IBM employees. World wide , okay? so he summarized the Five Cultural Dimensions Productivity. Power distance. Many Chinese workers find that the hierarchical relationship is not so clear in foreign companies. It turns out to be flat. Since the hierarchy is not so obvious You may say, morning Bill. This is accepted. In some eastern countries, this is not acceptable. If your boss is named Zhang Hongyan, and you say good morning, Hongyan in Chinese. It is quite wierd. People hold different views about uncertainty about the quality for life. about success We don't put much attention on factors that are not very important to speech-making. Like long-term oriented. or Short-term oriented For example, Chinese tend to be consistent in its foreign policy Why? Why Chinese got an elephant's memory? elephant's memory is very good. It lies in value orientations. We Chinese is more long-termed and they are short-termed We're going to hold lecture at 2 PM. Please be there. This is equal to say noting. People from different cultures may have different ideas about what is 2 PM. You will find an Indian came at 2:15, he thought it is OK People from some countries don't have a good sense of time, like one of my Italian friends. So when you come across this kind of situation, You won't feel surprised. For example, a lady was just driving a motorcycle and she run the red light. And a traffic police came. A traditional Chinese scene would be she was caught and then fined and was given a bill. But no, not really in Rome you find a kind of lady. And then she went away. [LAUGH] And that's it, and nobody says anything, you see? This is quite different. Different cultures they do have different ideals about timing. So this is the common term practiced by those professors, they will say, we will be here tomorrow 2 PM. sharp. Sharp I mean by international time, whatever your time, 2 PM okay, sharp. They use this way to stress the timing. Americans are more focused on present and future. They don't value history a lot. If we look into our own culture you see a lot of the TV series from Qing Dynasty, Tung Dynasty and some dynasty. [LAUGH] And we produce those movies and the TV series again and again. And every time you got a lot of audience, right? So have a woman. we have to admit that some of us are living in the past. So the past and then present. we can also see that there are few science fictions filmed by Chinese No. We seldom think so seriously, about a future. About future technology. Okay, we don't think about it, watching Star Trek, those kind of things a lot. Yes, this is where we say culture difference. But why it even matters? It matters when you are taking an interview. So many times, if you want to go overseas, and you were interviewed by an interviewer, I worked as an interviewer for an MBA program for several years. One question would be, what [FOREIGN]. Oh, I never think about that [FOREIGN]. This is a very common question that you need to be prepared to talk about a future. [FOREIGN] Before you end your life, what kind of scenario that you want yourself to be in when you die? What kind of a scenario you think you would be in? [FOREIGN] In China, we never think about death, and how exactly you will die. We do not even think about that, it's kind of a cultural taboo. It's something that you don't like. No matter in Paris or Washington You can see the road is in the downtown. this could be reasonable, but I don't believe this will happen in China. But these are differences. And then, I'm going to tell you, how you treat culture difference where it matter. Some crimes, wars, and disputes, and those things are related with how people deal with cultural differences. crusade. 11th century and 13th century It is around 200 years was in the name of leaders, in the religious reason. There is profit behind this. In World War II, Hitler managed to kill 6 million Jews. I once went the memorial hall Then you start to ask why? And then millions of people killed, and the killers got a good reason. That is the most bizarre things. They got a reason. And what's the reason? They have different languages,cultures and values then what is your attitude toward them? Simply killed them. Let's talk about present. we konw the event happened in Paris in January It brought more attention to anti-terrorist some stealings are not prevented. We may come across this kind of things. Let's see this picture The interview. it is called The Interview It arouses lots of controversy we don't know whether this controversy is meaningful As a third party we talk a little loss. when you see this, you will konw a little It can provoke something the factors that make a good speech is not only about what the two famous people mention. There are other opinions We only choose some of them. That's a sign. that is a symbol You have no idea. when we want to know more about the cultural differences I want to mention more about value Some of our value are good. So just keep this good value. Some say bad words to integrate into others this is wrong They did not know what kind of environment he involved in.
